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Microvascular Surgery
Microvascular surgery, also known as microsurgery, is a specialized surgical technique that involves operating on small blood vessels and nerves using high-powered microscopes, precision instruments, and ultra-fine sutures (often thinner than a human hair). This advanced surgical approach allows surgeons to perform intricate procedures requiring precise manipulation of tissues at a microscopic level.
Magnification and Visualization:
- Microscope Use: Surgical microscopes provide enhanced magnification and illumination, enabling surgeons to see small structures (vessels, nerves) in great detail.
- Precision Instruments: Microsurgical instruments are designed for delicate handling and fine control, essential for working on tiny blood vessels and nerves.
Techniques and Procedures:
- Vascular Anastomosis: Connecting blood vessels (arteries and veins) under magnification. This process involves suturing the vessels together to restore blood flow and ensure tissue viability.
- Tissue Transfer: Transplanting tissue, such as skin, muscle, bone, or nerve grafts, from one part of the body to another. This can involve free tissue transfer (moving tissue with its own blood supply) or flap surgery (transferring tissue along with its vascular supply).
- Nerve Repair: Reconnecting severed nerves or repairing damaged nerves to restore function and sensation.
Benefits:
- Precision and Accuracy: Allows for precise manipulation and repair of small structures, minimizing tissue trauma and improving surgical outcomes.
- Enhanced Success Rates: Higher success rates for complex procedures such as tissue transfers and replantation due to meticulous technique and careful monitoring.
- Reduced Complications: Minimizes risks such as blood clot formation (thrombosis), tissue death (necrosis), and infection.
Recovery and Rehabilitation:
- Postoperative Care: Close monitoring of blood flow and tissue viability immediately after surgery.
- Hospital Stay: Length of stay depends on the complexity of the surgery and individual recovery.
- Rehabilitation: Physical therapy and occupational therapy may be necessary to regain function and strength, particularly for hand and limb surgeries.

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