Neurology
- Home
- / Parkinson Disease
Parkinson Disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It results from the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, particularly in a region called the substantia nigra. The decrease in dopamine levels leads to the characteristic symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Here’s an in-depth look at the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for Parkinson’s disease:
Causes of Parkinson’s Disease:
- Genetic Factors: Certain genetic mutations have been linked to Parkinson’s disease, although these are more common in familial cases than sporadic ones.
-
Environmental Factors:
Exposure to toxins such as pesticides, herbicides, and heavy metals.
Rural living, well water consumption, and exposure to agricultural chemicals have been associated with an increased risk. - Age: The risk of developing Parkinson’s disease increases with age, most commonly affecting people over the age of 60.
- Gender: Men are more likely to develop Parkinson’s disease than women.
Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease:
Motor Symptoms:
- Tremor: Often begins in a limb, typically the hand or fingers, and can occur at rest (resting tremor).
- Bradykinesia: Slowness of movement, making everyday tasks difficult and time-consuming.
- Rigidity: Muscle stiffness that can occur in any part of the body, limiting the range of motion and causing pain.
- Postural Instability: Impaired balance and coordination, leading to frequent falls.
Non-Motor Symptoms:
- Cognitive Changes: Memory problems, difficulty with planning and organizing, and slowed thinking.
- Mood Disorders: Depression, anxiety, and apathy.
- Sleep Disturbances: Insomnia, REM sleep behavior disorder (acting out dreams), and restless legs syndrome.
- Autonomic Dysfunction: Issues with blood pressure regulation, bladder and bowel function, and sweating.
- Sensory Symptoms: Loss of sense of smell (anosmia) and pain.
His very soft spoken, he really treats the patients and family well. He understands the problem of patients. Not just treats them but follows up with them. He makes sure he can do his best and provide his best when under his care. He has saved my life. The best doctor I would recommend it any one wants a plastic surgeon
Patricia Fernandes